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In recent times there has been an increase in the number of bed bug infestations. Bed bugs are common all over the world and also have been found in Australia in small numbers. Recently they've become widespread with infestations increasing substantially in Victoria, and most parts of the Earth, within the last ten decades. .

The main reason behind the increase is supposed to be caused by insecticide resistance; modern bed bugs are resilient to many of the commonly used insecticides. Other contributing factors include the increase in world traveling with bed bugs being dispersed in bags, shoes and clothing. Once obtained at turnover accommodation, the hitchhiking bed bugs could then be transported and introduced back to the homes of guests in their luggage.

Many hostels have now banned the usage of travellers own sleeping linen in shared accommodation for a security precaution against this insect.

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In ancient infestations, bed bugs are often found around the seams, beading and folds of mattresses, sleeping bags and sheets. As the infestation spreads, the bugs move to any tiny crevices, which might be in bed heads, skirting boards, cracks in plaster and bedroom furniture. Because of their colour, adult bed bugs can easily be seen with the naked eye on sheets and bedding, but rather tough to see on brown wooden floors and other dark surfaces.

Heavily used hiding places are evident by black or brown stains of dried blood excrement or spotting. There may be an offensive sweet tacky odour when bed bugs are numerous. This odour called buggy is similar to the odour when a stink bug is squashed. White eggs, the egg cases and moulted skin shells might also be found near such places, as well as living bed bugs. .

Bed bugs use pheromones to communicate. This system of communication and the release of alarm pheromones can make them quite difficult to deal with as bed bugs become alert and quickly vacate the area being treated if not previously properly quarantined.

Bed bugs can also spread into a new residence by traveling between multi-unit housing such as dormitories and apartment buildings. Once they find a host, bed bugs will feed and therefore are likely to harbor in near proximity to the victim. In this case, new locations can quickly become infested with bed bugs that site in a short amount of time. .

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Different people have varying reactions to the bites of bed bugs, depending on a number of factors. Some people have little or no reaction to the sting. In others the sting site can get red and intensely itchy. This can occur during the course of the night or may take around 9-14 days to develop.

The red wheals may range from 2 cm to 5 cm in diameter with inflammation common. Anaphylactic shock may happen in individuals that are highly allergic, although this is rare. .

Discomfort and loss of sleep is common from the psychological effects of bed bugs. Bites may be found on many different areas on the entire body. Another characteristic is that the bites are sometimes in orderly rows, unlike the random pattern of mosquitoes. These rows are brought on by the bed insect being upset during feeding and having to pierce the skin to nourish again.

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Bed bugs mainly feed on humans but will feed on other mammals and poultry if necessary. Even though they may carry diseases like hepatitis they're not known to transfer such diseases to other individuals.

Bed bugs are especially problematic to treat, together with eradication unlikely this website to be accomplished with a single treatment. The bed bugs may be killed by sprays but they're mostly ineffective on the eggs. Follow up inspections are constantly required and further treatments are often necessary.

Bed bug eggs' survival is also an issue. It is not uncommon for the live bed bugs amongst an infestation to be completely eradicated during an effective treatment cycle, only to have the remaining or surviving eggs hatch and populate the exact location once again. The eggs can also have an incubation period up to fourteen days and could be deposited in hidden areas that are tough to treat. .

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This stubborn tendency of bed bug infestations are created more problematic due to the now smaller dimensions of the newly re-emerged mattress bug nymph. Once an infestation is detected, all adjoining rooms need to be inspected and handled if also affected.

This can be completed by using adhesive tape (if insect numbers are extremely small) to trap the insect. Vacuuming is also recommended before chemical treatment as it removes all dust and debris from the website of the infestation making it simpler for following chemical control to penetrate and in turn be effective.